The Coat of Arms of South Africa is the heraldic achievement representing the country officially. Adopted on April 27, 1994, following the end of apartheid, it symbolizes the diversity and unity of the Rainbow Nation. The design includes a shield with six main elements: Protea flowers (national flower), a horizontal band representing the mineral wealth beneath the African soil, a black ox (representing hard work), a lion (representing courage), an upright elephant (symbolizing wisdom) and a leopard (signifying vigilance). Above the shield, there are two waving banners with the national motto, "Unity in Diversity" written in both English and Afrikaans. The overall composition sits atop a green mound symbolizing natural vegetation, and under it lies a scroll inscribed with the country's name, "Republic of South Africa."